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Russel Terriers, Jack Russel Terriers

What is the difference between these two breeds?

I have heard the stories and talked to people who seem to be over zelous about one breed or the other, but wonder - is there a genetic difference between these two breeds? Is there a good reason for keeping them separate?

I have read the breed specs for both, and see that the Russel Terrier seems to be a subset of the Jack Russel Terrier. That is, height of the Jack Russel Terrier is specified as 10 to 15 inches, and the Rusel Terrier is specified as 10 to 12 inches.

To make matters even more confusing, Rack Russsel Terriers are shown in two size classes at conformation shows - 10 to 12 1/2 inches, and over 12 1/2 to 15 inches.

Please help me to understand this apparent lack of difference in breeds, and similarity of standards.

Thanks,
Farmergene

Russell Terrier & Jack Russell Terrier

For most of its history, the Jack Russell Terrier was bred strictly as a hunt terrier. The traits you need in a hunt terrier vary depending on the type of quarry and the terrain. So naturally, there was a wide variation in size and shape in this breed. Some were the result of crossing to other breeds--most hunters weren't as concerned about the dog's "purebred" status as its ability to do its job. The Jack Russell Terrier breeders, however, gradually decided on a dog that was just nearly square in shape, regardless of how tall the dog was. For that reason, we have Jacks ranging in height from 10 to 15 inches.

From time to time, however, two JRT parents would produce a short-legged puppy. These dogs, often called "puds" or "shorties" were favored by some and those breeders selected for that trait. The shorties are not square, but are somewhat longer in body with short legs. Here are UKC, since the JRTs didn't want the short legs in their gene pool, we decided to let the shorties be their own breed. Short legs--we gave them a short name--the Russell Terrier.

Neither breed will breed completely true, probably for many generations, but over time, both have a place to flourish.

Here are two pictures that will illustrate the differences:

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Cindy Cooke
VP, Dog Events
UKC